翅片管是一种带肋的壁面，在动力、化工等工业中有广 泛的应用，许多螺旋型换热面或螺纹管也都可看作是翅片管。 它对扩展换热面积和促进湍流有显著作用，无论对单相对流 换热还是相变对流换热都具有很大作用。翅片管换热器的结 构与一般管壳式换热器基本相同。只是用翅片管代替了光管 作为传热面，由于传热加强、结构紧凑，故可做成紧凑式换 热器；翅片管换热器也经常用于加热或冷却管外气体，而在 管内通以蒸汽或水，例如空冷器、锅炉省煤器、暖气片等。

Finned tube is a kind of wall with ribs, which is widely used in power, chemical and other industries. Many spiral heat transfer surfaces or threaded tubes can also be regarded as finned tubes. It plays an important role in expanding the heat transfer area and promoting turbulence, both in single-phase heat transfer and phase change convection. The fin tube heat exchanger has the same structure as the general shell and tube heat exchanger. The finned tube heat exchanger is often used to heat or cool the gas outside the tube, and steam or water is passed through the tube, such as air cooler, boiler economizer, heater, etc.

翅片管的结构有纵向和径向(横向)两类翅片，其它类型都是这两类 的变形，例如大螺旋角翅片管、螺纹管等，前者接近纵向， 后者接近横向。肋片可在管内、管外或内外兼有。肋片管按 制造方法不同可分为整体翅片、焊接翅片和机械连接翅片。 几种带纵向肋片和径向肋片的翅片管如图所示。 横 向 纵 向 整体翅片由铸造、机械加工或轧制而成，肋片与管子一 体，无接触热阻，强度高，耐热震和机械震动，因而传热、 机械和热膨胀等性能较好，但制造成本提高，对低翅片比较 适用；焊接翅片用钎焊或氩弧焊等工艺制造，现代焊接技术 可使不同材料的翅片与母体管连接在一起并将其扭弯成各种 形状。焊接翅片管由于制造简易、经济且具有较好的传热性 能和机械性能，已在工业上广为应用。 焊接肋片主要问题是焊接工艺质量、焊缝中残渣不利 传热甚至引起断裂，高频焊常被采用，效果较好；机械连接 翅片管通常有绕片式、镶嵌式、热套或胀接式三种类型。机 械连接翅片管的优点是经济、肋片和管子材料可任意组合， 翅化比可大到30，其缺点是接触热阻可能因膨胀不均匀引起 松动而加大，故绕片式的工作温度多不超过200～250℃，镶 嵌式耐热性能较好，常用于250~350℃的场合，但制造费高， 强度较低。 翅片管的材料范围很广，有碳钢、不锈钢、铝及铝合金、 锡及铜合金、钛、蒙乃尔合金等，有时还采用双金属翅片以 节约贵重金属，同时又能适应耐腐蚀性等工艺要求。 翅片管换热器中管束两端没有翅片且外径较大，故与光 管一样可与管板焊接或胀接，必要时也可装设折流扳，装折 流板处应制成没有翅片的平直段。由于翅片管应用广、材料 和制造方法多样，工业发达国都已标准化、系列化，并有 专门的研究机构和制造厂。

First, the finned tube structure has longitudinal and radial (transverse) two types of fins, other types are these two types of deformation, such as large spiral angle finned tube, threaded tube, the former is close to the longitudinal, the latter is close to the transverse. The ribs can be both inside and outside the tube, both inside and outside. Ribbed tubes can be divided into integral fins, welded fins and mechanical connecting fins according to different manufacturing methods. Several finned tubes with longitudinal fins and radial fins are shown. The transverse and longitudinal integral fins are made by casting, machining or rolling. The fins and pipes are integral, without contact thermal resistance, high strength, heat shock resistance and mechanical vibration. Therefore, the performance of heat transfer, mechanical and thermal expansion is better, but the manufacturing cost is higher, which is more suitable for low fins. Manufactured, modern welding technology allows fins of different materials to be connected to the parent tube and twisted into various shapes. Welded finned tube has been widely used in industry because of its simple, economical, good heat transfer and mechanical properties. The main problems of welded fins are the quality of welding process, the unfavorable heat transfer and even fracture caused by the residue in the weld seam. High frequency welding is often used and the effect is better. Mechanical connection finned tubes usually have three types: wound fin tube, inlaid fin tube, hot sleeve or expansion joint. The advantage of mechanically connected finned tube is that the material of fin and tube can be combined arbitrarily, and the finning ratio can be up to 30. The disadvantage is that the contact thermal resistance may be increased due to the loosening caused by uneven expansion. Therefore, the working temperature of the wound finned tube usually does not exceed 200-250 C, and the inlaid tube has better heat resistance. It is often used in 250-350 C occasions. The manufacturing cost is high and the intensity is low. Finned tubes have a wide range of materials, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and aluminum alloys, tin and copper alloys, titanium, Monel alloys and so on. Sometimes bimetallic fins are used to save precious metals, and at the same time to adapt to corrosion resistance and other technological requirements. There are no fins at both ends of the tube bundle in finned tube heat exchanger and the outer diameter is large, so it can be welded or expanded like the tube sheet, and a baffle wrench can be installed when necessary. The straight section without fins should be made at the place where the baffle is installed. Due to the wide application of finned tubes, various materials and manufacturing methods, industrialized countries have standardized and serialized, and there are specialized research institutions and manufacturing plants.